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生病的人可以喝酒吗?

Monday 30 March 2015 • 1 min read
Sanatorium nursing - everyday life at Broomfield Sanatorium Chelmsford Essex 1945

Published in English on 30 March 2015.

时间: 2015年5月6日 16:52 作者:杰西斯罗宾逊 来源: 知味葡萄酒杂志

我们可能会发现,自己平日同朋友们谈论的无非就是那么几个话题,爱情、孩子、工作、健康、疾病,或者缺少这些事物的状态(或者因为某人要来到伦敦居住偶尔讨论一下伦敦的高房价),这是生活的真相。

唉,等自己也到了亚健康状况时,也觉得非常苦恼。不过最近一次持续了一月有余的肺炎(平生头一次)倒让我开始思考哪些是适合病人喝的葡萄酒。我深知,一些医务从业者视酒精为洪水猛兽,就连健康人群也不能碰酒精饮料,更别说病人了。不过我觉得他们应该不会读这篇文章的。

要知道,还不到一个世纪之前,医生有时还会当作药方开给病人。有些历史悠久的葡萄酒,例如托卡伊(Tokaji)和康斯坦夏(Constantia)这两种甜白葡萄酒最初都是由于神奇的医用功效而出名的。在20世纪初,医生和助产士会鼓励孕妇饮用烈性黑啤酒来提高体内的铁含量,医生也会建议身体虚弱的病人饮用一些波特酒。有一段时间,澳大利亚的葡萄酒出口一部分得益于备受争议的“奎宁酒”(tonic wine,实际上当时澳洲任何一种高酒精度强甜酒都被起了这个药名)。

时至今日,伦敦最受尊敬的私人诊所“伦敦诊所”(The London Clinic)仍然会向病人提供一张就餐时可以饮用的酒单。虽然大概不会给有酗酒问题的患者准备,但其他病人都被鼓励用这种世界上最美味的液体来促进食欲。

当我在从重感冒,逐渐演变成流感乃至肺炎的过程中,我一直密切关注身体虚弱时对酒的感觉。作为职业的品酒师,我每晚都会喝一点葡萄酒,所以连着四天完全没了胃口和喝酒的欲望也是挺让我吃惊的一件事。这是一种非常奇怪的感觉,很可能是由于如此严重的鼻塞,我什么味道都闻不出来。

感谢上帝,之后我的嗅觉又突然恢复了。非常突然,是在当我发现能闻出来不喜欢的羊角面包气味,不得不将它们拿出卧室的时候。同时,我也发现自己也开始挑剔起某位好心人送来的一束奇怪的花中不同种花朵的味道。

而当喝酒的胃口又,我还处在全天卧床休息的状态,有点很难为情地告诉大家,当时我最渴望喝到的酒竟然是——起泡酒。在不多的几次生病的经历,我记得这种感觉。香槟和其他优质起泡酒都给人非常易饮、满血原地复活的感觉。或许还因为潜意识里,床单上沾上点红葡萄酒要比沾上白葡萄酒更让人有负罪感吧。

尽管路易十四的医师竭力推荐勃艮第而不是香槟,不过香槟还是作为一种“不像酒的酒”让他感受到了冲击,或者说香槟的气泡能给人一种提神饮料的感觉(或许是因为喝太多冒泡腾片了?)。当时,我来了一杯优质的意大利弗朗齐亚柯达起泡酒(Franciacortas),这立刻让我感到了极度的满足。

之后,当我好到可以下楼到厨房的大餐桌旁用餐时,尽管仍然在咳嗽而且嗓子发干,我却无比的想要来一杯波特酒,而且比以往任何时候都更想来一杯(确实,从香槟到波特跨度有点大,我承认)。

柔顺丰盛的波特对我那可怜的喉咙来说会是一种莫大的安慰,那种醉人的气味就像口味最奢华的咳嗽糖浆。在一两周之内,我喝遍了所有种类的波特酒,包括明快的、浅茶色桶陈波特以及紧致、深紫色的年份波特。在我没生病的时候,波特酒的高酒精度通常会令人却步,所以一般放在普通葡萄酒之后喝。不过在我现在的状态,高酒精度反倒获得了加分。

当然,也有一些酒是专门药用的。其中最有名的应该属巴罗洛药酒(Barolo Chinato)了——浸了树皮和草药的加强型巴罗洛可以对抗发烧和多种疾病。在瑞士的瓦莱(Valais),当地人用 Humagne Blanc这种葡萄酿的酒浸泡肉桂、藏红花、牛膝草等本地草药来帮助临盆妇女的提升体力。

总体上来说,一款酒的风格越是浓烈、甜美和富有草药的气息,就越是有人说它具有治疗功效。我反对“越能喝,证明病人康复得越好”的说法,但我痛恨因为疾病就放弃饮酒——人生中最美好的乐趣之一。■

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