Gavin Quinney of Ch Bauduc writes:
The flowering has started in Bordeaux and, with any luck, the weather might just be with us for this critical stage of the growing season.
What a difference a year makes. In Bordeaux 2013 – running late, I wrote 'There hasn't been a poor vintage in Bordeaux for 20 years but the cold, damp weather, as we approach the critical month of June, is a gentle reminder that anything can happen.'
Bordeaux 2014 has been up and down so far and, of course, there's a long way to go. Somehow though, as I tried to cheer up some fellow growers during a cold spell recently, it feels like it's going to be a good year.
We had an early budbreak and, while it is certainly not a huge crop, the number of potential bunches is about right – for quality. (Nothing like a decade ago when so much green harvesting took place in the summer of 2004, following on from two years of low yields.)
We've had intermittent rain and sun, and such huge variation in spring temperatures from one spell to the next that everyone has had to work hard to combat the threat of mildew, as you'd expect in such conditions. But it's looking good.
A few stats, if I may. Rainfall in the period from October 2013 to March 2014 was the highest since 2000-2001. Adding up the rain in 10 major subregions of Bordeaux, the average for the period was 646 mm compared with the 30-year average for Bordeaux (Mérignac) of 534mm.
March was a little warmer than usual (9.5 to 10.5 ˚C depending on the sector, compared with an average of 8.8 ˚C) and rainfall close to the norm of 65 mm, with 50 to 85 mm depending on the area.
Budbreak began early at the start of April and warm, sunny weather in the second week saw a surge in the vines. By mid month, we were three weeks ahead of 2013 and only slightly behind the early vintage of 2011.
There was less rain in the Médoc (around 50 mm) than the average in April (78 mm being the 30-year average for Bordeaux Mérignac) but rainfall was in line with the norm (St-Émilion 72 mm) or slightly higher elsewhere (Léognan 94 mm). Much of this rain came on 22 April and at the end of the month, and we had to be vigilant against mildew.
Temperatures ended up slightly above the monthly average of 12.4 ˚C. May has been up and down, and the chilly periods have put the brakes on the rapid early growth. I don't have the final figures across the board but we saw averages of around 2 ˚C lower than the monthly average temperature of 16.1 ˚C. Whereas the Médoc saw less rain than the right bank in April, the reverse was true in May. Rainfall was above the monthly average of 80 mm in the Médoc and slightly below that in the Libournais and Entre-Deux-Mers.
You can see from the pictures below of Merlot in our vineyard that we're some way behind 2011 but well ahead of the retarded 2013.
![Bauduc_11_13_14]()
If we add up the cumulative temperatures over 10 ˚C since 1 January, one rule of thumb is that a total of 400 ˚C gives an indication of when flowering is in full flow:
- 2008 9 June (a late, good year)
- 2009 8 June (the vintage of the century)
- 2010 9 June (another vintage of the century)
- 2011 20 May (an early, good year)
- 2012 8 June (a good year)
- 2013 25 June (a late, difficult year)
- 2014 10 June (based on the forecast)
Over the sunny weekend of 1 June, the flowering began in earnest. The earlier-ripening Merlot in the precocious vineyards of Pomerol is usually first out of the blocks, along with Haut-Brion in Pessac. Merlot is in flower at Petrus, L'Évangile (pictured top left), La Conseillante, L'Église-Clinet, Le Pin and throughout Pomerol – and beyond. It was a surprise to see some parts of St-Émilion so close behind, and the fact that Cabernet Franc (such as at Angélus) has also started to flower is a good sign.
Cabernet Sauvignon will not be far behind if the weather continues to be fine, so an important fortnight lies ahead. The forecast is good for this week, at least, so it's more than encouraging for the Merlot (so vulnerable to poor fruit set if it rains) in the warmer parts of Bordeaux.
If this sounds too positive a spin at such an early stage, here's one reason. I wrote several gloomy articles on the prospects last May and June and about the storms in July 2013, and was rewarded – along with hundreds of our neighbours – with a catastrophic dose of hail in August.
That's why, I can assure you, 2014 is going to be terrific. And this year, I've taken out insurance.
