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埃齐奥·里维拉 (Ezio Rivella) 逝世

Thursday 18 January 2024 • 1 min read
Ezio Rivella © Consorzio Brunello di Montalcino

一位传奇但颇具争议的意大利葡萄酒界力量被人们铭记。

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昨天,1月17日星期三,意大利最著名的顾问酿酒师之一埃齐奥·里维拉 (Ezio Rivella) 在罗马去世。他享年91岁。1933年出生于皮埃蒙特 (Piemonte) 阿斯蒂省的卡斯塔尼奥莱德莱兰泽 (Castagnole delle Lanze),但几乎整个职业生涯都在托斯卡纳度过,里维拉 (Rivella) 有着不懈的愿望,要将意大利葡萄酒从他所认为的陈旧历史中现代化。这促使他前往加利福尼亚,在那里他看到法国品种在非法国土壤上表现出色,气候与托斯卡纳相似,以及小橡木桶的使用,这是另一项法国进口技术。在他的整个职业生涯中,他都热情地拥抱和捍卫这两者。

与约翰和哈里·马里亚尼 (John and Harry Mariani) 的相遇对三人以及整个托斯卡纳都产生了深远的影响,马里亚尼兄弟是进口商,1975年通过向美国进口兰布鲁斯科 (Lambrusco) 发了财。马里亚尼兄弟聘请里维拉 (Rivella) 帮助购买土地并监督班菲 (Banfi),这是他们在蒙塔奇诺新成立的酒庄,从葡萄园到酿酒和营销。在里维拉 (Rivella) 的指导下,种植了多达1,000公顷(2,471英亩)的葡萄藤,并建造了一座配备温控不锈钢罐的最先进酒厂。里维拉 (Rivella) 此前曾在拉齐奥的卡斯泰利罗马尼社会酒厂 (Cantina Sociale dei Castelli Romani) 工作,在那里他通过闪速巴氏杀菌解决了葡萄酒微生物腐败的问题。

马里亚尼兄弟最初想通过生产自己版本的白色、中等甜度的兰布鲁斯科 (Lambrusco) 来复制兰布鲁斯科的销售成功,最初选定了白色的莫斯卡德洛 (Moscadello),在酒庄的大片葡萄园中种植这个品种,结果却看到计划失败。一旦生产转向在小橡木桶中陈酿的红酒,班菲 (Banfi) 葡萄酒在美国一夜成功。他们的成功将蒙塔奇诺布鲁内洛 (Brunello di Montalcino) 推向国际聚光灯下,并鼓励许多生产商跟风,导致了该产区颇具争议的扩大。

里维拉 (Rivella) 将永远与1980年代美国布鲁内洛热潮和2008年的布鲁内洛丑闻联系在一起,在这起丑闻中,包括班菲 (Banfi) 在内的许多酒庄被发现在这种必须100%桑娇维塞 (Sangiovese) 的葡萄酒中添加了美乐 (Merlot) 等品种。在随后的丑闻中,里维拉 (Rivella) 采取了为添加行为辩护的争议立场,并建议100%桑娇维塞 (Sangiovese) 的布鲁内洛永远不会成为卓越的葡萄酒。随后提出了修改布鲁内洛生产规则以允许法国品种的提案,但在弗兰科·比翁迪·桑蒂 (Franco Biondi Santi) 领导的反抗后被否决,他坚决捍卫100%桑娇维塞 (Sangiovese) 的规定。

里维拉 (Rivella) 因其深刻的现代主义观点而同样受到赞赏和诋毁,他担任过许多重要职位,包括1975年至1986年担任意大利酿酒师协会 (Assoenologi) 主席;意大利酿酒技师协会 (Associazione Enotecnici Italiani) 主席;1993-1998年担任国家DOP葡萄酒委员会 (Comitato Nazionale Vini DOP) 主席;以及2010年至2012年担任蒙塔奇诺布鲁内洛联盟 (Consorzio of Brunello di Montalcino) 主席。1985年他被授予劳动骑士勋章 (Cavaliere del Lavoro),这是意大利最高荣誉之一。

图片由蒙塔奇诺布鲁内洛联盟 (Consorzio Brunello di Montacino) 提供。

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